. - 2020. - 4 p. [Accesat 21.01.2020]
The term Holocaust refers to the mass murder of 6 million European Jews, Roma and other persecuted groups whom the Nazi regime and its collaborators sought to annihilate.
The expropriation of property, state discrimination and persecution of the Jews by the Nazi regime began in 1933, followed by pogroms and incarceration in concentration camps. Ultimately, the policy was extended to all the European territories and countries controlled by the Nazis during the Second World War. It was a policy that would culminate in mass summary executions ('Holocaust by Bullets') and extermination camps. The perpetrators were prosecuted at the Nuremberg trials in 1945-1946, but the charge of crimes against humanity was preferred over genocide.
It was not until 2005, on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz, that a United Nations resolution on Holocaust remembrance designated 27 January as the day of commemoration.
In the European Union, numerous programmes seek to preserve the memory of these tragic events in the history of the continent. Since 1995, the European Parliament has adopted resolutions drawing attention to the obligation to remember not only through commemorations but also through education. In November 2018, the EU became a permanent international partner of the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (AISH).
Jewish communities in the European Union/EPRS. - 2019. - 2 p. [Accesat 21.01.2020]
Disponibil:
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/ATAG/2018/614659/EPRS_ATA(2018)614659_EN.pdf
Europe's Jewish population has been diminishing in recent decades, and a growing number of anti-Semitic acts and anti-Jewish violence have been occurring in recent years in the EU. In defence of its values, including respect for minorities, the EU undertakes and funds actions to counter anti-Semitism. This is a further updated version of an 'at a glance' note published in January 2018.
Experiențe și percepții legate de antisemitism Al doilea sondaj referitor la discriminarea și infracțiunile motivate de ură împotriva evreilor din UE : rezumat/ Agenția pentru Drepturi Fundamentale a Uniunii Europene =European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights - Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2019. - 16 p. [Accesat 21.01.2020]
Acest rezumat prezintă principalele constatări ale celui de al doilea sondaj al FRA privind experiențele evreilor legate de infracțiunile motivate de ură, discriminare și antisemitism în Uniunea Europeană – cel mai important sondaj printre evrei realizat vreodată la nivel internațional. Sondajul a cuprins aproximativ 16 500 de persoane care se identifică drept evrei din 12 state membre ale UE. Acesta reprezintă o lectură descurajatoare și subliniază că antisemitismul rămâne omniprezent în întreaga UE și că, sub multe aspecte, a devenit un fapt îngrijorător de obișnuit.
Experiences and perceptions of antisemitism Second survey on discrimination and hate crime against Jews in the EU
/European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights - Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2019. - 86 p. [Accesat 21.01.2020]
This report outlines the main findings of FRA’s second survey on Jewish people’s experiences with hate crime, discrimination and antisemitism in the European Union – the biggest survey of Jewish people ever conducted worldwide. Covering 12 EU Member States, the survey reached almost 16,500 individuals who identify as being Jewish. It follows up on the agency’s first survey, conducted in seven countries in 2012. The findings make for a sobering read. They underscore that antisemitism remains pervasive across the EU – and has, in many ways, become disturbingly normalised. The important information provided herein can support policymakers across the EU in stepping up their efforts to ensure the safety and dignity of all Jewish people living in the EU.
Second survey on discrimination and hate crime against Jews in the EU Member States
Technical report/ European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights - Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2019. - 88 p. [Accesat 21.01.2020]
Disponubil: https://op.europa.eu/s/nH9E
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FRA’s second survey on discrimination and hate crime against Jews in EU Member States surveyed over 16 000 self-identified Jewish respondents in 12 EU Member States: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. This technical report presents a detailed overview of the survey methodology used by FRA when collecting the survey data. The survey provides comparable data on the perceived extent and nature of antisemitism across a number of selected EU Member States, whether it is manifested as hate crime, hate speech, discrimination or in any other form that undermines Jewish people’s feelings of safety and security. The survey collected data through an open (opt-in) online survey, which was open for respondents to complete for 7 weeks in May and June 2018. The survey was designed to be accessible to all eligible participants, i.e. those self-identifying as Jews — based on religion, culture, upbringing, ethnicity, parentage or any other reason — aged 16 or over and resident in one of the survey countries. The questionnaire could be accessed via an open web link that was publicised on the FRA website, via Jewish organisations, Jewish media outlets and social networks. The content of FRA’s second survey on discrimination and hate crime against Jews builds strongly on the experience and methodology developed for the first, 2012 FRA survey on discrimination and hate crime against Jews (which covered eight EU Member States) and on stakeholder and expert consultation carried out in spring 201
Based on FRA’s second large-scale survey on experiences and perceptions of antisemitism, this report focuses on the perspectives of young Jewish Europeans (aged 16-34) living in twelve EU Member States. It first describes this particular group and takes a look at defining antisemitism and understanding the place of Israel in it. The report then presents young Jewish Europeans’ experiences and perceptions of antisemitism. Finally, it specifically looks at how safe young Jewish Europeans feel, and whether they believe governments are effectively combating antisemitism.
. - 2019, - 60 p.
Centrul Pro-European de servicii si comunicare (CPESC) inaugurat la 10 mai 2011 este o subdiviziune a Bibliotecii Nationale a Republicii Moldova, situat in subordonarea administrative a Directorului General al Bibliotecii Nationale a Republicii Moldova si are drept scop promovarea valorilor si mentalitatii europene si sprijinirea procesului de integrare europeana a Moldovei.
